I. HISTORY OF COMPUTER

Abacus
-created by chinese
-originated from china
-made out of strings, rods and beads

Pascaline/ Pascal's Calculator
-created by Blaise Pascal
-addition & subtraction

Liebnitz's  Calculator
-created by Gottfried Wilhelm Liebnitz
-addition, subtraction, multiplication, and addition

Analytical Engine
-invented by Charles Babbage

Tabulating Machine
-created by Herman Hollerith
-1st computer runs with electricity

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator/ Computer)
-created by John Mauchly & JP Eckert
-as big as 1 room
-composed of 2000 vacuum tubes
-12 hours use & 3 hours rest
-can receive or give signal

II. COMPUTER GENERATIONS

First Generation 
(1940's - 1950's)
-vacuum tubes
ex. ENIAC 

Second Generation
(1950's - 1960's)
-transistors
ex. super computer & mainframe computer

Third Generation
(1960's - 1970's)
-integrated circuit
ex. minicomputer

Fourth Generation
(1970's - 1980's)
-microprocessors
-apple maeintosh
ex. central processing unit or CPU & microP "The brain of the computer"

Fifth Generation
(1980's - present)
-Artificial Intelligence & Advanced Computing Technologies

III. USES OF COMPUTERS
-communication
-entertainment
-computation
-programming
-research (education)
-date storage
-marketing
-healthcare
-transportation
-banking transaction
-publishing or editing

IV. BINARY LANGUANGE

divisor: 2
8 magical numbers:
1, 2, 4, 8. 16, 32, 64, 128

ex. 
1. convert 12 into binary
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
  0    0   0   0  1 1 0 0
ans: 12= 00001100

V. CONVERTING TEXT TO BINARY

Uppercase Letter
starts with 65
ends with 90

Lowercase Letter
starts with 97
ends with 122

VI. ADDING & SUBRACTING BINARY

Adding binary:
0 + 0 = 0 
1 + 0 = 1
0 + 1 = 1
1 + 1 = 10 (0 carry 1)
1 + 1 + 1 = 11 (1 carry 1)
 
Subtracting Binary:
0 - 0 = 0
1 - 0 = 1
1 - 1 = 0
0 - 1 = 1 borrow 1

VII. 5's

What is 5's?
-it provides the foundation for all quality improvement program

1. SEIRI or SORT
-only keep what is needed
2. SEITON or SYSTEMATIZE
-keep needed items in the correct place
3. SEISO or SHINE
-keep the workplace neat and clean
4. SEIKETSU or STANDARDIZE
-the method by which sort, systematize, shine is made habitual.
5. SHITZUKE or SUSTAIN
-maintained standard and established procedure.

VIII. 4 COMPONENTS OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM

1. HARDWARE
-the tangible parts of the computer (can be touched)
ex. monitor, mouse, and keyboard

2. SOFTWARE
-the intangible parts of the computer (cannot be touched)
ex. adobe, power point, and excel

2 KINDS OF SOFTWARE
1. System Software 
-computer software designed to operate the computer hardware (purpose software)
2. Application Software
-computer software designed to help the user to perform specific task (specific purpose software)

3. PEOPLEWARE
-any person or people which is connected or using a computer
ex. computer programmer, call center agent and software developers

4. POWERWARE
-computer is considered as an electronic device because it runs with the use of electricity

IX. MOUSE

MOUSE
-an input device used for clicking, pointing, dragging &highlighting
-create by Douglas Englebart

Parts of the Computer
-tail
-right click
-left click
-scroll
-body
-armrest/ palm rest

Mouse Techniques
1. clicking
2. right click
3. double click
4. dragging
5. pointing

X. MONITOR

MONITOR
-a tv like screen that display the output

AC POWER PORT -alternating current
VGA PORT -video graphic array/ adapter

PARTS OF THE MONITOR
-monitor
-monitor screen
-power button
-adjustment button
-monitor stand

XI. COMPUTER INPUT, PROCESSING, OUTPUT & STORAGE DEVICES

COMPUTER DEVICES
- components that help to make the computer system interacts within itself and its environment.


COMPUTER INPUT DEVICES
computer input- collection of raw data/ facts
-devices that enter information into a computer from an external source
ex. web cam, scanner, mouse, keyboard, microphone

COMPUTER PROCESSING DEVICE
computer processing- computer programs and instructions are being executed
-the process of transforming input (data) into output (information)
ex. brain of the computer & CPU

COMPUTER OUTPUT DEVICES 
computer output- refers to processed data called information
-use to display data that has been processed either in hardware or software form
ex. speaker, monitor, printer, projector, television, headphone

COMPUTER STORAGE DEVICES
computer storage- the actions of a computer that permits it to store data and information
-directly responsible for the storing of the data and information
1. Primary Storage Devices
-storage devices which are incorporated with the system unit
-small storage capacity
ex. RAM (Random Access Memory)
ROM (Read-Only Memory)

2. Secondary Storage Devices
-extremely attached to the computer system unit 
-store data for a long period of time
ex. Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
External Hard Disk Drive (External HDD)
Floppy Disk Drive (FDD)
Flash Drive (FD)
Compact Disk (CD) 
- CD-R (recordable) - cannot be edited
- CD-W (rewritable) - can be edited