Good evening, everyone. I will be discussing the different types of baskets and woven items. In this presentation, I will explain their uses, importance, and the different weaving techniques used to create them. ________________________________________________________________ First, we have storage baskets. These baskets are used to keep household items safe and organized. For example, clothing and blankets are stored in lidded containers to keep them fresh and dry. One example is the tampipi, which is commonly used for storing clothes and blankets. These baskets are very practical in daily life. _____________________________________________________________ Next are baskets used for food gathering and preparation. Winnowing trays are used to separate rice from its hull. Serving trays are used to present rice and other food. This shows how basketry is part of culture and tradition. Baskets are also used for farming and fishing. Fish traps are placed in rivers to catch fish. Simple baskets are used to carry crops from the field to the home or market. The baskets shown here are from the Bontoc Igorot people of Luzon. These baskets help make daily work easier and more efficient. ____________________________________________________________ These are personal baskets. Bontoc men carry small bags under their arms for tobacco and personal items. Some even have secret compartments for valuables. There are also tightly woven lunchboxes called topil, and small covered baskets for jewelry. ________________________________________________________________ In northern Luzon, there is a special basket called the inabuntan or hunter’s pack. It is designed to be rain-resistant so hunting gear and food stay dry. This shows how baskets are designed based on people’s needs and environment. ______________________________________________________________ Not all woven items are baskets. Some are hats made from bamboo and rattan. These hats protect the wearer from the sun and rain. Even though they vary in shape and design, their main purpose is protection -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- WOVEN ITEMS Woven items are products made by interlacing or crossing fibers, strips, or threads together. These materials can be natural, like bamboo, rattan, abaca, nito, or even leaves. The basic technique usually follows an over-and-under pattern, where one strand goes over another and then under the next. Woven items are functional, as they are useful in our daily lives. Because it is commonly used for storage, decoration, clothing, and daily activities. It's also artistic because different patterns, colors, and designs can be created. Some designs even represent the culture, beliefs, and traditions of a certain community. __________________________________________________________ To understand weaving better, we need to know two basic terms. Warp refers to the vertical strands that serve as the foundation of the weave. Weft refers to the horizontal strands that go over and under the warp. These two work together to form patterns. ___________________________________________________________ There are different types of weaving patterns. These include Checker Weave, Twill Weave, Wicker Weave, Twining, and Coiled Weave. Each type has a unique technique and design. _____________________________________________________________ Checker weave, also called plaiting, is a simple over-and-under pattern. The weft crosses over and under one warp at a time. This creates a balanced and even design. It is one of the most common weaving styles. video explanation: As we can see in the video, Ang weft moagi siya over one warp, then under one warp, then repeat lang gihapon ang pattern. So alternate lang siya — over, under, over, under. Ang vertical nga sticks mao ang warp, and sila ang foundation sa weave. Ang horizontal nga strips mao ang weft, and sila ang ginahimo nga pattern pinaagi sa pag over and under. Tungod kay one-by-one ang pag alternate, ang result niya kay square or checkerboard-like design. ________________________________________________________________ Twill weave is more decorative. In this pattern, the weft passes over or under more than one warp at a time. This creates diagonal or slanted designs, making it more detailed than checker weave. video explanation: As we can see in the video, this pattern is called twill weave. Dili siya parehas sa checker weave nga over one, under one lang. Sa twill weave, ang weft moagi siya over two or more warps before mo-under. For example, mahimo siya over two, under one, or over three, under one. Mao na siya ang reason nganong makita nato ang diagonal nga pattern. Makita ninyo nga dili siya square ang design, but slanted or zigzag. Mas decorative siya tan-awon compared sa checker weave, and medyo mas detailed pud siya buhaton. ________________________________________________________________ In wicker weave, the weft is woven over and under a stiff foundation made of rods or thicker fibers. This technique makes the basket strong and durable. It is commonly used for furniture and sturdy baskets. video explanation: As we can see in the video, this is an example of wicker weave. In this pattern, the thicker and stiffer rods act as the foundation or warp. Sila ang naghatag ug structure sa basket. Then, ang thinner and more flexible material mao ang weft, and ginahimo siya ug over-and-under pattern around the rods. Lahi siya sa checker weave kay mas lig-on ang foundation niya. Mas structured and mas sturdy ang result. Mao ni siya commonly ginagamit sa pag make ug strong baskets or even furniture. _______________________________________________________________ Twining is done when two wefts cross over each other between the warps. There are variations depending on how many wefts and warps are used. This technique creates unique patterns and strong structures. video explanation: In twining, there are two weft strands working together. Instead nga one ra ka horizontal strand ang moagi over and under, diri duha sila and they twist or cross over each other between the vertical warps. _______________________________________________________________ Coiled weave is different because it involves sewing. The weaving starts at the center and moves upward in spiral rounds. Each round is stitched to the previous one. This technique makes tightly structured baskets. video explanation: As we can see in the first video, this is how coiled weaving begins. Sa coiled weave, mag start gyud siya sa center. The material is rolled tightly into a small spiral. Instead of over-and-under pattern, this technique uses stitching. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- In the second video, we can see how the coiling continues. After forming the center, the coil slowly moves outward in spiral rounds. Kada new round ginatahi siya ngadto sa previous round to hold everything together. Makita ninyo nga murag spiral gyud ang pattern niya. Each layer is attached to the one before it, which makes the structure very tight and strong. As the coil continues, pwede na siya mo form ug base, then eventually mahimong sides sa basket kung padayon pa taas ang pag coil.____________________________________________________________ And that ends my presentation about the different types of baskets and woven items. Through this discussion, we can see that basketry is not only useful in daily life but also reflects culture, creativity, and tradition. Thank you for listening. __________________________________________________________ That's it for my report. Thank you so much for listening!!!