(i)  Master Data: Master Data contains the information stored in database.

           Material Master Records are

                 (a) Material Master Record
                 (b) Vendor Master Record
                 (c) Purchasing info Record
                 (d) Source List
                 (e) Quota Arrangement
                 (f) Batch Management Record
                 (g) Service Master Record
                 (f) Condition Master Record

(ii) Material Master Record:  Material Master Record contains the information of materials that company procures or sells a product.
     Each relevant user department will maintain the information in material master from there point of view. That information will maintain in views.

(iii)  Material Type: Materials which are having same attributes are group together and assigns to a material type.
                                                         (or)
Material type is a classification of all our materials based on their attributes.

               DIEN  -          Service
               FERT  -          Finished products
               HALB  -          Semi Finished Products
               HAWA -           Trading goods
               ROH   -          RAW materials
               VERP  -          Packaging materials
               LEIH  -          Returnable Packaging Materials


 (iv) Material Type:  Materials which are having same characteristics are grouped together is called material group.   Eg: Civil Items, Electrical items, Chemical Items etc.

 (v)  Material Type Control functions:

     •  Material type controls the number assignment it might be internal/External
     •  Material type controls the field selection.
     •  Material type controls which user department views to be allowed which selection view
     •  Material type controls whether it is external or internal procurement.
     •  Material type controls Inventory Management required or not.
         
(vii)  User department views and corresponding fields in Material Master:

         • Basic Views
         • Classification View
         • Sales Organization Data 1
         • Sales Organization Data 2
         • Sales General / Plant View
         • Foreign Trade / Export View
         • MRP View 1
         • MRP View 3
         • MRP 4 View
         • Plant data – Storage 1 View
         • Warehouse Management 1 View
         • Warehouse Management 2 View
         • Quality management View
         • Accounting 2 View
         • Costing 1 View
         • Costing 2 View
         • Purchasing View
         • Foreign Trade Import View
         • Purchase order text View
         • Additional data

(viii) Price Control: The price control is an indicator to valuate stock of materials and groups

            There are two types of materials

                 (a) Moving Price-V
                 (b) Standard Price-S

       The below material types are comes under Moving price

                ROH -  Raw Material
                PIPE -  Pipe Line Material
                HAWA -  Trading Goods
                LEIH  -  Returnable Packaging

       The below material types are comes under Standard price

                FERT  - Finished goods  
                HAL   - Semi Finished goods

(ix) Valuation Class: The main function of valuation class is to determine GL account during the goods movement of the material.

            • ROH - 3000
            • PIPE- 3000
            • HAWA -3010
            • LEIH -3050
            • HALB-7910
            • FERT-7920

(x) Number Ranges: Whenever we create any materials, customer, vendor, purchase order sales order and production order etc.. in SAP,
                                        we will save it, then  automatically store a number for each and every document at as per maintenance of number ranges.

            (i) Internal number ranges
            (ii) External number ranges

 Limitations of Number Ranges: - The maximum number of digit or alphabets allowed to maintain the number is 18 characteristics  From 1 to 99999999999999999

T- Codes

      • Create/Change/Display Material -MM01/MM02/MM03
      • Display changes  -MM04
      • Display Number ranges for material master   -MMNR
      • Display Material List -MM60
      • Mass Maintenance in Material Master - MM17              
      • Create Material Master for schedule date  -MM11
      • Change Material Master for schedule date -MM12
      • Create/Change Material Type  -OMS2
      • To change material type -MMAM (Transaction should not be happen)
      • Flag for deletion  - MM06
      • Archive or delete the flagged material    -MM71
      • Extend material to several stores at a time  -MMAM
      • Change Material Price -MR21

(ref: https://www.guru99.com/mass-creation-of-material-master.html)