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REVIEWER_TLE-CSS_Q1

I. HISTORY OF COMPUTER

Abacus -created by chinese -originated from china -made out of strings, rods and beads

Pascaline/ Pascal's Calculator -created by Blaise Pascal -addition & subtraction

Liebnitz's Calculator -created by Gottfried Wilhelm Liebnitz -addition, subtraction, multiplication, and addition

Analytical Engine -invented by Charles Babbage

Tabulating Machine -created by Herman Hollerith -1st computer runs with electricity

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator/ Computer) -created by John Mauchly & JP Eckert -as big as 1 room -composed of 2000 vacuum tubes -12 hours use & 3 hours rest -can receive or give signal

II. COMPUTER GENERATIONS

First Generation (1940's - 1950's) -vacuum tubes ex. ENIAC

Second Generation (1950's - 1960's) -transistors ex. super computer & mainframe computer

Third Generation (1960's - 1970's) -integrated circuit ex. minicomputer

Fourth Generation (1970's - 1980's) -microprocessors -apple maeintosh ex. central processing unit or CPU & microP "The brain of the computer"

Fifth Generation (1980's - present) -Artificial Intelligence & Advanced Computing Technologies

III. USES OF COMPUTERS -communication -entertainment -computation -programming -research (education) -date storage -marketing -healthcare -transportation -banking transaction -publishing or editing

IV. BINARY LANGUANGE

divisor: 2 8 magical numbers: 1, 2, 4, 8. 16, 32, 64, 128

ex.

  1. convert 12 into binary 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 ans: 12= 00001100

V. CONVERTING TEXT TO BINARY

Uppercase Letter starts with 65 ends with 90

Lowercase Letter starts with 97 ends with 122

VI. ADDING & SUBRACTING BINARY

Adding binary: 0 + 0 = 0 1 + 0 = 1 0 + 1 = 1 1 + 1 = 10 (0 carry 1) 1 + 1 + 1 = 11 (1 carry 1)

Subtracting Binary: 0 - 0 = 0 1 - 0 = 1 1 - 1 = 0 0 - 1 = 1 borrow 1

VII. 5's

What is 5's? -it provides the foundation for all quality improvement program

  1. SEIRI or SORT -only keep what is needed
  2. SEITON or SYSTEMATIZE -keep needed items in the correct place
  3. SEISO or SHINE -keep the workplace neat and clean
  4. SEIKETSU or STANDARDIZE -the method by which sort, systematize, shine is made habitual.
  5. SHITZUKE or SUSTAIN -maintained standard and established procedure.

VIII. 4 COMPONENTS OF THE COMPUTER SYSTEM

  1. HARDWARE -the tangible parts of the computer (can be touched) ex. monitor, mouse, and keyboard

  2. SOFTWARE -the intangible parts of the computer (cannot be touched) ex. adobe, power point, and excel

2 KINDS OF SOFTWARE

  1. System Software -computer software designed to operate the computer hardware (purpose software)

  2. Application Software -computer software designed to help the user to perform specific task (specific purpose software)

  3. PEOPLEWARE -any person or people which is connected or using a computer ex. computer programmer, call center agent and software developers

  4. POWERWARE -computer is considered as an electronic device because it runs with the use of electricity

IX. MOUSE

MOUSE -an input device used for clicking, pointing, dragging &highlighting -create by Douglas Englebart

Parts of the Computer -tail -right click -left click -scroll -body -armrest/ palm rest

Mouse Techniques

  1. clicking
  2. right click
  3. double click
  4. dragging
  5. pointing

X. MONITOR

MONITOR -a tv like screen that display the output

AC POWER PORT -alternating current VGA PORT -video graphic array/ adapter

PARTS OF THE MONITOR -monitor -monitor screen -power button -adjustment button -monitor stand

XI. COMPUTER INPUT, PROCESSING, OUTPUT & STORAGE DEVICES

COMPUTER DEVICES

COMPUTER INPUT DEVICES computer input- collection of raw data/ facts -devices that enter information into a computer from an external source ex. web cam, scanner, mouse, keyboard, microphone

COMPUTER PROCESSING DEVICE computer processing- computer programs and instructions are being executed -the process of transforming input (data) into output (information) ex. brain of the computer & CPU

COMPUTER OUTPUT DEVICES computer output- refers to processed data called information -use to display data that has been processed either in hardware or software form ex. speaker, monitor, printer, projector, television, headphone

COMPUTER STORAGE DEVICES computer storage- the actions of a computer that permits it to store data and information -directly responsible for the storing of the data and information

  1. Primary Storage Devices -storage devices which are incorporated with the system unit -small storage capacity ex. RAM (Random Access Memory) ROM (Read-Only Memory)

  2. Secondary Storage Devices -extremely attached to the computer system unit -store data for a long period of time ex. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) External Hard Disk Drive (External HDD) Floppy Disk Drive (FDD) Flash Drive (FD) Compact Disk (CD)